Covid-19 vaccine-induced antibodies are attenuated and decay rapidly in infliximab treated patients
Author
Simeng, Lin
Nicholas, A. Kennedy
Aamir, Saifuddin
Diana Muñoz, Sandoval
Catherine, Reynolds
Rocio Castro, Seoane
Sherine, Kottoor
Franziska, Pieper
Kai-Min, Lin
David, K. Butler
Neil, Chanchlani
Rachel, Nice
Desmond, Chee
Claire, Bewshea
Malik, Janjua
Timothy, J. McDonald
Shaji, Sebastian
James, L. Alexander
Laura, Constable
James, C. Lee
Charles, D. Murray
Ailsa, L. Hart
Peter, M. Irving
Gareth-Rhys, Jones
Klaartje, B. Kok
Christopher, A. Lamb
Charlie, W. Lees
Daniel, M. Altmann
Rosemary, J. Boyton
James, R. Goodhand
Nick, Powell
Tariq, Ahmad
Date
2021-09-27Journal
Research SquareType
Journal ArticlePublisher
UnknownDOI
10.21203/rs.3.rs-755879/v1Rights
© Research Square 2021Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
To inform healthcare policy for immunosuppressed patients there is a need to define SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses. Here we report SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody and T cell responses in patients treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF), a commonly used biologic in inflammatory diseases, compared to patients treated with vedolizumab, a gut-specific antibody targeting integrin a4b7 that does not impair systemic immunity. In anti-TNF recipients, the magnitude of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies was reduced five-fold, and rapidly decayed towards the seroconversion threshold by 14 weeks after second dose of vaccine. In contrast, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were sustained up to 16 weeks in vedolizumab-treated patients. Anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody decay was not observed in vaccinated patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. T cell responses were absent in one-fifth of anti-TNF and vedolizumab-treated patients after a second dose of either vaccine. Our data have important implications for anti-TNF recipients, including the need for vaccine prioritization, booster doses, and social distancing strategies.