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    Arterial wall shear rate response to reactive hyperaemia is markedly different between young and older humans

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    URI
    https://rde.dspace-express.com/handle/11287/621650
    Author
    Aizawa, Kunihiko
    Casanova, Francesco
    Thorn, Clare E.
    Shore, Angela
    Gates, Phillip E.
    Date
    2019-08
    Journal
    The Journal of Physiology
    Type
    Journal Article
    Publisher
    Wiley
    DOI
    10.1113/JP278310
    Rights
    © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2019 The Physiological Society.
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Key points: The vasodilatory response to reactive hyperaemia is impaired with advancing age, but it is unclear whether this is because of an altered wall shear rate (WSR) stimulus or an altered flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) response. Using new technology that allows detailed WSR measurement, we assessed the WSR-FMD response in healthy older people. Our data show that older people have a markedly altered and diminished WSR response to reactive hyperaemia compared to young people, but reduced WSR alone does not fully explain reduced FMD. In young people, WSR appears to be coupled to FMD but, by age ∼65 years, the arterial vasodilatory response has begun to uncouple from the WSR stimulus. These findings point to the importance and utility of comprehensively characterizing the WSR-FMD response when using reactive hyperaemia to assess vascular function, as well as giving new insight into the age-related alteration in vascular function. Abstract: The vasodilatory response to reactive hyperaemia is impaired with age, but it is unknown whether this is because of an altered wall shear rate (WSR) stimulus or an altered flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) response to the WSR stimulus. Inherent difficulties in measuring blood flow velocity close to the arterial wall have prevented detailed assessment of the WSR-FMD response. Using an enhanced multigate spectral Doppler ultrasound system (ultrasound advanced open platform), we aimed to produce new data on the WSR-FMD relationship in healthy older adults. Sixty healthy people, comprising 28 young (27.5 ± 5.5 years) and 32 older (64.9 ± 3.7 years) individuals, underwent FMD assessment. Raw data were post-processed using custom-designed software to obtain WSR and diameter parameters. The data revealed that older people have a much altered and diminished WSR response to reactive hyperaemia compared to younger people [e.g. WSR peak: 622 (571-673) vs. 443 (396-491) 1/s in young and older respectively; P < 0.05]. However, reduced WSR alone does not appear to fully explain the reduced FMD response in older people because associations between WSR and FMD were few and weak. This was in contrast to young adults, where associations were strong. We conclude that WSR during FMD is much altered and diminished in older people, and there appears to be an 'uncoupling' of WSR from FMD in older people that may reflect a loss of precision in the reactive hyperaemia stimulus-response relationship. These findings also point to the importance and utility of comprehensively characterizing the WSR-FMD response when using reactive hyperaemia to assess vascular function.
    Citation
    Aizawa K et al. Arterial wall shear rate response to reactive hyperaemia is markedly different between young and older humans. J Physiol. 2019 Aug;597(16):4151-4163. doi: 10.1113/JP278310. Epub 2019 Jul 15.
    Publisher URL
    https://doi.org/10.1113/JP278310
    Note
    This article is available to RD&E staff via NHS OpenAthens. Click on the Publisher URL, and log in with NHS OpenAthens if prompted.
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